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Monday, April 13, 2026

America’s war crimes

hid Hussain

While detailing the extensive operation conducted by the US forces to rescue the crew of a fighter jet shot down by Iranian missiles, he seemed uncertain about the endgame in a war that has now entered its sixth week. His contradictory statements on how the war could end has left the world perplexed. After escalating his threat to decimate Iran, he hinted at a “less radicalised” Iranian leadership and a diplomatic solution. He claimed that regime change had already occurred in Iran.

Trump seemed unconcerned that his threat to bomb Iranian infrastructure could constitute a war crime. Earlier, he sparked a political firestorm by posting an expletive-laden warning to Iran and threatening further military escalation if Tehran did not reopen the Strait of Hormuz and agree to a deal on his terms. He also suggested seizing Iran’s oil fields, declaring, “To the victor belong the spoils”, as if he had already won the war.

The madness of the leader at the helm of the world’s most powerful nation seems knows no bounds. He is becoming increasingly dangerous, especially as Iran continues to refuse to capitulate despite the extensive destruction wrought by the US and Israel on its soil.

His delusional claims and mixed messages have left the world anxious. With only a day remaining, at the time of writing, before his deadline, the international community awaited Trump’s next move, particularly since Iran has rejected his ceasefire demands and threatened severe reprisals. The madness of the leader at the helm of the world’s most powerful nation seems knows no bounds. He is becoming increasingly dangerous, especially as Iran continues to refuse to capitulate despite the extensive destruction wrought by the US and Israel on its soil.

Trump’s growing war crimes and his latest threats are ominous. America, in coordination with Israel, has intensified attacks not only on civilian and energy infrastructure but also on educational and research centres. Several university campuses have been bombed. This appears to be part of Trump’s threat to decimate Iran.

According to Iranian authorities, at least 30 universities have been hit by US and Israel since the start of the war. Last week, a US-Israeli strike caused severe destruction at the Sharif University of Technology in Tehran. Widely considered Iran’s best university, it is also ranked among the world’s top universities in the field of civil engineering and artificial intelligence. The iconic institution, which is a symbol of Iran’s modernisation, has produced some world-renowned mathematicians and engineers. Media reports suggest that many laboratories have been destroyed as the campus infrastructure was hit. The US-Israel coalition also bombed the Laser and Plasma Research Institute.

America, in coordination with Israel, has intensified attacks not only on civilian and energy infrastructure but also on educational and research centres. Photo: Reuters

 

Ignoring international outrage and condemnation, the US and Israel have continued to target academic institutions with an impunity rarely seen in modern history. In addition to striking university campuses, the US-Israel coalition has targeted eminent scientists and scholars. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has confirmed reports that Israeli strikes have killed several Iranian nuclear scientists, framing the campaign as part of a larger effort to destroy Iran’s nuclear programme.

Such attacks, aimed at decimating centres of higher learning and the scientific environment, not only violate international law but also constitute war crimes. These actions will perpetuate Israel’s American-backed genocidal war in Gaza and the wanton destruction of Lebanon. On the first day of the war, American missiles struck a school in Iran killing more than 150 girl students. Most concerning is the effort by the Trump administration to frame the conflict with Iran in religious and civilisational terms. Recently, US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth called for prayers for military victory “in the name of Jesus Christ”.

According to a report in the New York Times, “More than any top American military leader in recent history, Mr Hegseth has framed US military operations [...] as bigger than politics or foreign policy. Often he has imbued these actions with a Christian moral underpinning... .” He also prayed for “overwhelming violence of action against those who deserve no mercy”. 

American troops are reportedly told that the conflict in Iran is aimed at paving the way for the end times and Armageddon. The belief is that Trump “has been anointed by Jesus to light the signal fire in Iran to trigger Armageddon and mark His return to Earth”.

In a recent Pentagon news briefing, Hegseth reportedly stated: “Crazy regimes like Iran, hell-bent on [religious] delusions, cannot have nuclear weapons.” Religion is also employed to justify America’s support for Israel.

Mike Huckabee, American ambassador to Israel, reportedly told prominent commentator Tucker Carlson that it would be “fine” if Israel took “essentially the entire Middle East” because it was promised the land in the Bible. Meanwhile, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu compared Iran to the Amalekites, seen in Jewish tradition as representing evil.

US President Donald Trump has claimed he could ‘take out Iran in one night’ and has reiterated his threat to bomb the country ‘back to the Stone Ages.’ Photo: AFP

 

It is extremely dangerous to rationalise an imperialist war of aggression through religious and civilisational rhetoric. Trump’s actions have pushed the region closer to a wider conflagration and have also impacted the global economy. His latest statements have raised fears of further escalation.

The calculated assassinations of senior Iranian political and military leaders have created a serious leadership vacuum, likely to be filled by more radical elements, making any efforts at mediation extremely difficult.

While America and Israel can decimate Iran’s civil and military infrastructure, they cannot force it to capitulate. Iran has hardened its position, given the relentless destruction of its land, complicating any attempts at de-escalation. Trump’s threats of escalation have worsened the situation. We will have to wait and see what he does next.


This article was first published in The Dawn, an ANN partner of The Daily Star, on April 8, 2026.


Zahid Hussain is a Pakistani journalist and author. His Twitter handle is @hidhussain


Thursday, April 9, 2026

Fulfilling duty to submit tax returns


The IRB would typically conduct audits on taxpayers and some of the common triggers or “low hanging fruit” for desk audits include issues such as sudden jump in relief claims (for example, lifestyle relief suddenly jumping from RM300 to RM2,500).

FOR individual taxpayers in Malaysia, April marks the month when the tax filing needs to be carried out by salaried individuals although the deadline is typically extended for e-filing as follows:

> Salaried individuals (no business): May 15, 2026.

> Individuals with business income: July 15, 2026.

It is advisable to file early as it helps avoid system congestion, errors, and penalties. Taxpayers should have the necessary documents before filing their tax returns.

These may include EA Forms (from employer), income records (freelance, rental, etc), receipts for tax relief claims (medical, education, lifestyle, etc).

There are various tax reliefs available to resident taxpayers such as the individual relief (RM9,000); Employees Provident Fund plus life insurance (up to RM7,000 combined); education and medical insurance; lifestyle and sports expenses; dependent/child reliefs, to name a few.

Making these claims where eligible can help reduce the tax liabilities.

It is also important to ensure that taxpayers do not make wrongful claims.

A case in point is the lifestyle relief which is capped at RM2,500.

The common items that qualify include books and journals; computers/laptops/tablets; Internet subscriptions; and digital newspaper subscriptions.

Frequently misclaimed items include making claims for a smartwatch, which is not accepted as a computer device and may be considered a wearable accessory.

Gaming consoles are generally not accepted as lifestyle learning devices; and only news or educational digital subscriptions may qualify; entertainment streaming often does not.

Taxpayers also tend to make claims without understanding or paying regard to the qualifying conditions to claim such reliefs.

For example, in the case of claiming a relief for medical expenses for parents (up to RM8,000), conditions often overlooked include the fact that the parents must be Malaysian residents and that the medical expenses must be supported with receipts from registered medical practitioners.

In order to claim childcare relief (up to RM3,000), the conditions include that the child must be six years old or below; the childcare centre must be registered with the authorities and that the relief is claimable by one parent only.

All income earned by individuals is generally taxable unless specifically exempted (for example foreign sourced income, subject to certain conditions).

If an employed taxpayer has side income (business/freelance) such as from TikTok monetisation, freelancing or affiliate marketing, the individual needs to file a Form B and not BE (which is meant for persons that earn only employment income).

Many gig workers file Form BE and do not declare the side income, which can lead to under-reporting penalties.

The Inland Revenue Board (IRB) increasingly tracks digital income through platform data.

With effect from the year of assessment 2025 (YA25), the interest paid to finance the purchase of a residential property is given a tax relief of RM7,000, where the purchase price of the property does not exceed RM500,000, and a lower relief of RM5,000 is given if the purchase price of the property is more than RM500,000 but nor more than RM750,000.

This is on the condition that the residential property is the first residential property purchased by the individual. Taxpayers need to be mindful that only interest, not the full installment, is claimable.

All submissions must be done online via MyTax – manual filing is no longer accepted. First-time users would need to register and activate their digital certificate.

The move by the IRB to use MyKad/identification number as the Tax Identification Number (Tin) simplifies identification as there is no need to remember a separate tax number.

The registration on MyTax automatically links to the MyKad/passport.

For existing taxpayers, the old Tins are mapped to the MyKad automatically.

This will also facilitate logging in and identification across government systems becoming more seamless.

Taxpayers are legally required to keep documents for at least seven years.

Digital copies accepted include:

> Scanned PDF receipts.

> Clear photos of receipts.

> E-receipts from email.

> Bank statements showing payment.

> Invoices from official websites.

It is recommended that these should be stored in cloud storage with folders by year. Thermal receipts should be scanned immediately.

The IRB would typically conduct audits on taxpayers and some of the common triggers or “low hanging fruit” for desk audits include issues such as sudden jump in relief claims (for example, lifestyle relief suddenly jumping from RM300 to RM2,500); employer PCB (monthly tax deductions) records do not match the declared amount; unrealistic medical claims whereby large medical claims are made with no supporting documentation or duplicate claims (both spouses claiming the same relief).

For YA25, the key message to readers would be to prepare early, file accurately, claim all eligible reliefs, and submit the income tax return forms, as well as to make the payment of the taxes before the deadline.

By Harvindar Singh,wh0  is a council member of the Chartered Tax Institute of Malaysia and a tax partner of SCS Global Consulting (M) Sdn Bhd. The views expressed here are the writer’s ow

Tuesday, April 7, 2026

Why nitric oxide is important for our health


Nitric oxide causes blood vessels to relax and dilate, allowing for more blood to pass through when needed. — Wikimedia Commons

Nitric oxide  (NO
) is a vital signaling molecule produced naturally by the body that acts as a vasodilator, relaxing and widening blood vessels to increase blood flow, improve oxygen delivery, and lower blood pressure. It is essential for cardiovascular health, erectile function, immune system strength, and regulating neurotransmission in the brain.
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Many of the chronic health challenges we face as adults in Malaysia now – like high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, fatigue, brain fog and sexual health conditions – are often treated as separate problems.

But from a health and long-term perspective of functional medicine and ageing, these problems that can apparently be separated from one another often seem to have a common denominator: declining blood vessel health.

Central to this process is the naturally-occurring molecule nitric oxide, which is responsible for circulation, metabolism, immune balance and healthy ageing.

Nitric oxide is a gas formed in the body that relaxes and widens the channels of blood vessels within the body – a process called vasodilation.

This basic action helps to ensure that oxygen and nutrients are delivered to all tissues in the body.

Even in very small amounts, nitric oxide has a huge impact on health.

It is typically considered in functional medicine to be a marker of vascular age as healthy blood vessels are crucial for determining how well the body functions over time.

Here is why nitric oxide matters to our health:

Heart disease and high blood pressure

Heart disease remains a major cause of death in Malaysia.

Many people assume that high blood pressure or heart disease are just a consequence of advancing age or genetic fate.

In fact, one major contributor to these conditions is endothelial dysfunction, in which the lining of a blood vessel loses its ability to produce adequate nitric oxide.

When nitric oxide levels are low, our blood vessels become stiff and inflamed, causing the heart to work harder and blood pressure to eventually rise.

The longer this goes on, the more likely you are to experience complications like heart attack and stroke.

Diabetes and metabolic syndrome

Nitric oxide also contributes to metabolic health, which has become an increasingly serious issue in Malaysia.

A sufficient level of nitric oxide assists in increasing cellular insulin sensitivity and aiding glucose to enter the muscles more effectively.

With decreased production of nitric oxide, insulin resistance and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes increases.

This vascular-metabolic connection explains why people with diabetes are at much higher risk for heart disease, and why the health of blood vessels is critical in long-term diabetes management.

> Ageing brains

Nitric oxide is crucial for brain health and cognitive longevity.

Reduced availability of nitric oxide is associated with impaired cerebral blood flow and a greater risk of neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer’s disease.

The brain is exceptionally sensitive to changes in blood flow, and even small decreases in circulation can threaten memory, concentration and mental clarity.

From a lifelong perspective, sustaining healthy blood flow to the brain is the most critical means of preserving cognitive function and independence in old age.

Energy and stamina

Nitric oxide is closely related to a person’s energy level and physical stamina.

A lot of middle-aged and elder Malaysians say that they are easily fatigued, have low exercise resistance or take longer to recover after playing sports.

Although such symptoms are frequently ascribed to ageing, they often indicate diminished nitric oxide generation instead.

When blood vessels do not dilate properly, muscles get less oxygen for activity, leading to mild tiredness and slower recovery.

Supporting pathways through nitric oxide helps to preserve mobility, strength and vitality – key elements of healthy ageing.

Sexual health

Another important insight into nitric oxide status comes from sexual health.

Early indicators of the ageing of the vascular system often occur in men via erectile dysfunction and women via impaired sexual responsiveness.

Nitric oxide is critical for genital blood flow and normal sexual function, so trouble in that area often shows up years before more significant cardiovascular symptoms come about.

Thus, sexual health in functional medicine is conceptualised not just as an individual problem, but also as a window into overall cardiovascular and metabolic health.

Living longer

Nitric oxide production naturally decreases with age due to several key factors.

Sadly, Malaysia’s modern lifestyle aspects – i.e. physical inactivity, consumption of refined carbohydrates and ultra-process-ed foods, chronic stress, poor sleep, smoking, and chronic metabolic disease – only exacerbate this decline.

When the amount of nitric oxide drops, blood vessels become stiffer, inflammation rises and the body’s capacity for coping with stress decreases.

This accelerates biological ageing and raises the risk of various chronic diseases.

From a functional medicine and longevity standpoint, the idea is to not just treat disease once it starts, but also preserve nitric oxide levels over the course of a lifetime by promoting early and consistent production.

It requires that the body’s natural nitric oxide pathways be supported by lifestyle and nutritional approaches, rather than relying only on drugs for the treatment of late stage disease.

Some examples of nitrate-containing vegetables in Malaysia include:

  • Spinach (bayam)
  • Water spinach (kangkung)
  • Mustard greens (sawi)
  • Lettuce
  • Beetroot
  • Ulam-ulam (pegaga, selom, daun ketumbar).

These vegetables help to fuel the nitrate to nitrite to nitric oxide pathway, which depends on healthful oral bacteria.

This pathway may be blocked by excessive use of antiseptic mouthwash.

Regular physical activity, adequate sleep, stress management and so on are also important to reduce chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, which quickly destroy nitric oxide and decrease blood vessel function.

> Ageing healthily

Nitric oxide, in the context of healthy ageing, is much more than a cardiovascular molecule.

It says everything about health as a healthy circulatory system serves all organs in the body.

Sufficient nitric oxide is related to higher energy metabolism, higher cognitive function, better metabolic control, healthier sexual function and resilience with ageing.

By boosting nitric oxide production, people aren’t just adding years to life, but are maximising the quality of those years.

Clinically, nitric oxide provides a valuable model of why many co-existing chronic diseases are often clustered in the same individual.

High blood pressure, diabetes, fatigue, erectile dysfunction and cognitive complaints are often treated independent of one another, but tend to stem from the same underlying problem: vascular dysfunction with a reduced availability of nitric oxide.

In a clinical setting, signs such as low exercise tolerance, chronic fatigue or sexual dysfunction should not be dismissed as standard ageing.

These findings are frequently early indicators of compromised endothelial function and increased risk of cardiometabolic disease.

Early intervention in nitric oxide pathways can help clinicians to prevent irreversible damage before it happens.

Do note however, that functional medicine does not replace medical treatment; it is an answer to root causes, not a substitute for clinical care.

Medications are often needed when necessary and life-saving, but improved long-term health happens when lifestyle problems, nutrition, metabolic state, sleep and stress are treated in parallel with pharmacological treatment.

Providing interventions to support nitric oxide production and utilisation by vascular systems provide an opportunity to enhance vascular resilience and potentially reduce the burden of future disease.

For patients, the real message is empowerment.

The many factors that affect nitric oxide – physical activity, diet, gut and oral health, sleep quality and stress – can be changed.

Even modest and consistent changes can lead to significant improvements in circulation, vitality and overall health.

Preserving nitric oxide is ultimately about protecting the body’s internal highways that connect oxygen, nutrients and signals to every cell.

When these are kept open and flexible, the body ages more slowly, recovers more efficiently and stays in use for longer.

This is what longevity-led, preventive care is about.

Datuk Dr Nor Ashikin Mokhtar is a consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist, and a functional medicine practitioner. For further information, email starhealth@thestar.com.my. The information provided is for educational and communication purposes only, and it should not be construed as personal medical advice. Informa-tion published in this article is not intended to replace, supplant or augment a consultation with a health professional regarding the reader’s own medical care. The Star does not give any warranty on accuracy, completeness, functionality, usefulness or other assurances as to the content appearing in this column. The Star disclaims all responsibility for any losses, damage to property or personal injury suffered directly or indirectly from reliance on such information.

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Wednesday, April 1, 2026

SEIZING AGENTIC AI OPPORTUNITY IN M’SIA

 

Leading companies are moving beyond experimentation as a third of “AI future-built” firms have deployed agentic solutions and are demonstrating measurable value.

MALAYSIA stands at a critical inflection point in the global artificial intelligence (AI) race.

After the surge of generative AI, a new wave is emerging in the form of agentic AI.

Agentic AI are AI execution models involving autonomous agents that coordinate across workflows, tools and systems with minimal human input.

While it stops short of true autonomous decision-making, agentic AI’s ability to make actionable decisions within predefined parameters is a game changer.

Malaysia has a solid foundation to build on.

According to Boston Consultant Group’s AI Maturity Matrix, which benchmarks 73 economies globally on AI exposure and AI readiness, Malaysia is classified as a “steady contender”.

It places the nation just one tier behind AI pioneers such as the United States, the United Kingdom and China.

This position reflects Malaysia’s significant exposure to AI, particularly in large sectors like retail and wholesale, telecommunication and financial services.

At the same time, it indicates a solid level of AI readiness, supported by forward-looking ambitions, policies and regulatory frameworks on AI.

An evolving AI landscape

AI is rapidly becoming a critical national infrastructure that empowers wider opportunities.

As a result, geopolitical shifts, compute access and sovereign capability increasingly determine economic outcomes and geopolitical influence.

The US and China lead the global AI race.

Tech companies from these two superpowers created 59% and 26%, respectively, of top-performing large language models (LLM).

This presents a conundrum for competing nations.

Relying solely on external technology providers poses challenges for corporate leaders and governments, especially since local regulations, data requirements and model availability are subject to shifting policies.

Against this backdrop, a small group of “GenAI middle powers” is emerging across Europe, Asia and the Middle East.

Each has distinct strengths that might allow it to compete as a regional or global technology supplier.

This race now expands beyond software to encompass hardware, infrastructure and technology adoption.

Malaysia must actively build its domestic AI capabilities to avoid high technology sovereignty risks as it looks to the future of agentic AI.

Execution speed and scale will dictate whether Malaysia leads in Asean or falls behind.

Encouragingly, the Digital Ministry, through the establishment of the National AI Office (NAIO), is driving a coordinated national AI agenda – spanning governance frameworks, cross-sector adoption and ecosystem development.

These efforts lay the critical foundations for more advanced applications, including the next wave of agentic AI.

Productivity multiplier

Globally, the shift is already underway and early signs indicate that the rise of agentic AI will be rapid.

BCG’s Build for the Future 2025 study shows that agentic AI’s share of AI-driven value is expected to nearly double from 17% in 2025 to 29% by 2028.

Leading companies are moving beyond experimentation – one-third of “AI future-built” firms have deployed agentic solutions and are demonstrating measurable value.

Early adopters are already unlocking tangible benefits. BCG’s study shows that while companies are exploring agentic AI across operations, support functions and innovation, customer experience is emerging as the top priority.

Leading use cases include deploying intelligent agents to autonomously handle Level 1 and Level 2 customer support, as well as optimising digital marketing campaigns – continuously adjusting bids to maximise returns, reallocating spend to high-performing channels and testing creatives in real time.

AI undoubtedly represents a powerful productivity multiplier for Malaysia.

It can strengthen key economic sectors such as manufacturing, financial services and many other industries. For SMEs, agentic AI can lower the cost of sophistication, providing access to capabilities once reserved for large enterprises.

Beyond the private sector, agentic AI can modernise public services and improve policy-making decisions and delivery in healthcare, education and justice.

It can help bridge urban-rural divides by expanding access to digital services and decision support.

In a nation balancing growth ambitions with demographic and fiscal constraints, agentic AI is not merely a technology upgrade – it is a lever for sustainable and inclusive growth.

Four strategic priorities

To compete effectively in this next phase of AI, Malaysia must act with clarity and intent across four priorities.

> Build sovereign AI capabilities. Malaysia could strategically build sovereign AI capabilities in areas where it has natural strengths and where risk mitigation matters most.

This includes expanding reliable access to compute, leveraging its growing data centre ecosystem.

A pragmatic and technology-neutral approach that combines global technology partnerships with targeted domestic capability-building will be more effective than pursuing full-stack independence.

Technology partnerships could focus on leveraging leading AI innovations from both Western and Eastern ecosystems in a neutral manner.

Open-source AI models offer a practical pathway to reduce dependency risks, accelerate adoption and support local customisation.

At the same time, efforts could focus on enabling responsible use of high-quality local datasets.

> Invest aggressively in talent. Malaysia must pair global talent attraction with sustained local capability development to build the AI workforce needed to compete at scale.

It could aggressively attract top global AI talent through competitive incentives, strong research ecosystems and vibrant innovation hubs, while simultaneously building a deep domestic pipeline of AI talent.

This requires strengthening STEM education, expanding university–industry collaboration, embedding AI in technical and vocational training and accelerating workforce upskilling across sectors.

> Scale national platforms. Malaysia must move from fragmented pilots to scaled national platforms, anchored on high-impact use cases – such as a unified government interface linked to MyDigitalID.

This platform provides a common foundation to embed AI agents that deliver personalised public services.

Scaling up such platforms will catalyse greater private-sector participation and ensure sustainable adoption of agentic AI.

In addition, Malaysia could strengthen exchange platforms that bring together the government, industry and academia to accelerate collaboration, capability-building and use case development.

Associations such as AI Malaysia (AIM), Malaysian Autonomous Intelligence & Robotics Association (MyAIRA), along with other industry associations, can play a critical role in sharing best practices, mobilising talent and aligning stakeholders to drive ecosystem-wide adoption of agentic AI.

> Implement pro-innovation regulation. Malaysia needs regulations that protect users but also preserve competition.

Policymakers could favour a flexible model over rigid frameworks, particularly in a fast-evolving technological landscape.

Malaysia could pursue a balanced approach – combining principle-based guidelines, regulatory sandboxes and sector-specific standards that can evolve alongside the technology.

Priming Malaysia for growth is critical, but it is essential that this is done through a forward-looking and ethical approach.

Malaysia has the opportunity to differentiate itself by championing ethical, inclusive AI.

This is a core foundation of effective AI adoption, and should align with national values, ensuring that trust and confidence underpin the next wave of innovation in agentic AI.

Defining the future

The stakes are clear. AI investment compounds rapidly. Early movers attract capital, talent and vibrant ecosystems.

The choice is not whether AI will reshape the Malaysian economy.

The choice is whether Malaysia will shape that transformation with speed, clarity and ambition while remaining anchored to core Malaysian values.

CF Ong is managing director and senior partner in Boston Consulting Group.
CF Ong is managing director and senior partner in Boston Consulting Group.